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Skin Cancer Facts and Treatment

Skin cancer is a malignant growth on the and bleeding in the center of the tumor
skin which can have many causes. Skin frequently develops. It is often mistaken
cancer generally develops in the for a sore that does not heal.
epidermis (the outermost layer of skin), * Squamous cell carcinoma is commonly a
so a tumor is usually clearly visible. red, scaling, thickened patch on
This makes most skin cancers detectable sun-exposed skin. Ulceration and bleeding
in the early stages. There are three may occur. When SCC is not treated, it
common types of skin cancer, each of may develop into a large mass.
which is named after the type of skin Skin Cancer Treatment
cell from which it arises. The two most Most skin cancers can be treated by
common types are basal cell cancer and removal of the lesion, making sure that
squamous cell cancer. It accounts for the edges (margins) are free of the tumor
more than 75 percent of all skin cancers. cells. These excisions provide the best
Squamous cell carcinomas arise from the cure for both early and high-risk
upper levels of the epidermis, usually on disease.
places that have been exposed to the sun. For low-risk disease, radiation therapy
Squamous cell carcinoma also can spread and cryotherapy (freezing the cancer off)
internally. They account for about 20 can provide adequate control of the
percent of skin cancers in the United disease; both, however, have lower
States.Melanoma is generally the most overall cure rates than surgery.
serious form of skin cancer because it Most skin cancers are removed surgically,
tends to spread (metastasize) throughout by a plastic surgeon or a dermatologist.
the body quickly. If the cancer is small, the procedure can
Signs and symptoms be done quickly and easily, in an
There are a variety of different skin outpatient facility or the physician's
cancer symptoms. These include crabs or office, using local anesthesia. The
changes in the skin that do not heal, procedure may be a simple excision, which
ulcers in the skin, discoloration, and usually leaves a thin, barely visible
changes in existing moles. scar. Or curettage and desiccation may be
* Basal cell carcinoma usually looks like performed. In this procedure the cancer
a raised, smooth, pearly bump on the is scraped out with an electric current
sun-exposed skin of the head, neck or to control bleeding and kill any
shoulders. Sometimes small blood vessels remaining cancer cells.
can be seen within the tumor. Crusting




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