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Skin Cancer Facts and Treatment

Skin cancer is a malignant growth on the skinfrequently develops. It is often mistaken for
which can have many causes. Skin cancera  sore  that  does  not  heal.
generally develops in the epidermis (the
outermost layer of skin), so a tumor is* Squamous cell carcinoma is commonly a red,
usually clearly visible. This makes most skinscaling, thickened patch on sun-exposed skin.
cancers detectable in the early stages. ThereUlceration and bleeding may occur. When SCC
are three common types of skin cancer, eachis not treated, it may develop into a large
of which is named after the type of skin cellmass.
from which it arises. The two most common
types are basal cell cancer and squamous cellSkin  Cancer  Treatment
cancer. It accounts for more than 75 percent
of all skin cancers. Squamous cell carcinomasMost skin cancers can be treated by removal
arise from the upper levels of the epidermis,of the lesion, making sure that the edges
usually on places that have been exposed to(margins) are free of the tumor cells. These
the sun. Squamous cell carcinoma also canexcisions provide the best cure for both
spread internally. They account for about 20early  and  high-risk  disease.
percent of skin cancers in the United
States.Melanoma is generally the most seriousFor low-risk disease, radiation therapy and
form of skin cancer because it tends tocryotherapy (freezing the cancer off) can
spread (metastasize) throughout the bodyprovide adequate control of the disease;
quickly.both, however, have lower overall cure rates
than  surgery.
Signs  and  symptoms
Most skin cancers are removed surgically, by
There are a variety of different skin cancera plastic surgeon or a dermatologist. If the
symptoms. These include crabs or changes incancer is small, the procedure can be done
the skin that do not heal, ulcers in thequickly and easily, in an outpatient facility
skin, discoloration, and changes in existingor the physician's office, using local
moles.anesthesia. The procedure may be a simple
excision, which usually leaves a thin, barely
* Basal cell carcinoma usually looks like avisible scar. Or curettage and desiccation
raised, smooth, pearly bump on themay be performed. In this procedure the
sun-exposed skin of the head, neck orcancer is scraped out with an electric
shoulders. Sometimes small blood vessels cancurrent to control bleeding and kill any
be seen within the tumor. Crusting andremaining cancer cells.
bleeding in the center of the tumor



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