Cushing's Syndrome - Definition, Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

Cushing's syndrome is a rare endocrine disorderdiabetic range), and a low serum potassium. One of
caused by high levels of cortisol in the blood.cortisol's most important jobs is to help the body
Sometimes called "hypercortisolism. It is relatively rarerespond to stress. Some rare tumours in other parts
and most commonly affects person aged 20 to 50.of the body sometimes make ACTH. For example,
An estimated 10 to15 of every million people aresome types of lung cancer. The 'ectopic' ACTH then
affected each year. Cushing's syndrome occurs whenstimulates the adrenals to make too much cortisol.
the body's tissues are exposed to excessive levelsPeople suffering from depression, alcoholism,
of cortisol for long periods of time. Many peoplemalnutrition and panic disorders also have increased
suffer the symptoms of Cushing's syndrome becausecortisol levels. Treatments for Cushing's syndrome
they take glucocorticoid hormones such asare designed to lower the high level of cortisol in
prednisone for asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus andyour body. Cushing's syndrome is treated by
other inflammatory diseases, or forrestoring a normal balance of hormones. Cushing
immunosuppression after transplantation. Cushing'ssyndrome caused by an adrenal tumor is usually
syndrome is also a relatively common condition intreated by surgical removal of the tumor.Hormone
domestic dogs in which causes are the same as thesupplements are usually given before surgery and
syndrome in humans, and in horses, (where it ismust be taken for weeks and sometimes months
almost invariably caused by pituitary neoplasia)after surgery, until the second gland recovers normal
characterised by a long, tightly curled coat whichfunction. Medications to control excessive production
does not shed and abnormal fat deposition. Theof cortisol include ketoconazole (Nizoral), mitotane
syndrome in horses leads to weight loss, polyuria and(Lysodren) and metyrapone (Metopirone). Medical
polydipsia and may cause laminitis.therapy is also sometimes used before surgery for
Cushing's disease is the name given to a type ofpeople who are very sick.
Cushing's Syndrome caused by too much ACTHTreatment for Cushing's disease Tips
production in the pituitary. The most common cause1. Cushing's syndrome is treated by restoring a
of Cushing's syndrome is the use of oralnormal balance of hormones.
corticosteroid medication. Common symptoms of2. Cushing syndrome is usually treated by surgical
Cushing's syndrome include upper body obesity,removal of the tumor.
severe fatigue and muscle weakness, high blood3. Hormone supplements are usually given before
pressure, backache, elevated blood sugar, easysurgery and must be taken for weeks and
bruising, and bluish-red stretch marks on the skin. Risksometimes months after surgery, until the second
factors for Cushing syndrome are adrenal or pituitarygland recovers normal function.
tumors, long-term therapy with corticosteroids, and4. Medications to control excessive production of
being female. Many people suffer the symptoms ofcortisol include ketoconazole (Nizoral), mitotane
Cushing's syndrome because they take glucocorticoid(Lysodren) and metyrapone (Metopirone).
hormones such as prednisone for asthma, rheumatoid5. Radiation therapy-Radiation can be given in small
arthritis, lupus or other inflammatory diseases. Cortisoldoses over a six-week period, or by a technique
performs vital tasks in the body. It helps maintaincalled stereotactic radiosurgery or gamma-knife
blood pressure and cardiovascular function, reducesradiation.
the immune system's inflammatory response,6. Chemotherapy - radiation treatments of the
balances the effects of insulin in breaking down sugarpituitary gland (to weaken it and lower its output of
for energy, and regulates the metabolism of proteins,ACTH) - or removal of any benign growths of the
carbohydrates, and fats.pituitary gland.
Common findings on routine laboratory tests in7. Adrenal adenomas are always treated by surgically
people with Cushing's Syndrome include a higherremoving the tumor with either an abdominal or side
white blood count, a high blood sugar (often into the(flank) incision.